CONFUSABLE WORDS: rule – regulation - law

Rules, regulations and laws tell people what they are allowed to do and what they must not to do in particular places and particular circumstances.

Regulations are made by an official organization or authority and are written down. They are intended to control the way people behave or how things are done. For example, the army’s regulations say what a soldier’s duties are and the things a soldier must not do. Planning regulations control the construction of new buildings and the sort of buildings which are acceptable in particular places.

I asked my secretary to get copies of all the relevant prison regulations.
This regulation does not apply to graduate students.
The Council points out that planning regulations have been altered to favour developers.

If you are speaking or writing less formally, you can use rule instead of “regulations”

There are strict rules governing the killing and cooking of kangaroo.
One important rule is that the au pair’s working day should last no more than five hours.

You use rule when talking about games such as chess.

…the rules of chess.
You don’t need to know the rules of the game to enjoy it.

Rules do not have to be written down. They can be an informal agreement about how something should be done.

Rules about bedtime are made by vote.
He lives as someone in another “pretend” family, with its own rules about washing and mealtimes.

Laws are made by governments and rulers. They are written down and apply to all the people in a country. They say what is and what is not a crime and how citizens are required to act in their dealings with each other.

We shall need more stringent laws against pollution
Health and safety laws are enforced by inspectors.

Certain sports also call their rules laws

…the Rugby Union’s laws

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http://www.abc.net.au/science/experimentals
this is a great science site that makes science fun and interesting as well as providing support materials (chose to "change player settings" to choose your local media player and Internet speed) .

Translation Exercise
How would you translate the following sentences? Voc. Sobre: Documentos relacionados con la venta – Documents in Connection with sales.

1.Outcome: salida, resultado, consecuencia.
2. to handle: 1. manejar, manipular: Handle with care “Fragil” 2.tratar (un problema), manejar (un negocio) 3.tener: We don’t handle that type of product, no tenemos ese tipo de producto
3.incoming : que entra, entrante # outgoing, que sale, saliente (funcionario), que debe ser enviado (correo).
4.paperwork (siempre en singular): escrituras, puesta al día de capítulos 2. documentos, papeleo.
5.to process: transformar (materia prima), tratar (fruta, información), revelar (fotografía), tratar, procesar (solicitud); también to execute/fulfill (US: fill) an order, procesar un pedido.
6.payment: 1 (no contable) pago 2. (contable) cantidad ingresada, abono.
7.to fill out (U.S.) = to fill in/fill up/complete an order form/order sheet, llenar una forma de pedido
8.to check something against: cotejar con (against: sentido de comparacion). To offset sth with sth: compensar algo con la ayuda de algo. To offset sth against sth: compensar algo en relación con algo, compensar una cosa con otra.
9.to mail (US) = to send, to post.
10.seller: 1. vendedor (persona o empresa) = vendor (EU y GB) supplier
(EU); 2. proveedor # salesman: 1. vendedor (detrás de un mostrador) 2. representante de comercio 3. (EU) toda persona que colabora en la promoción de su empresa.
11.to itemize: detallar; an item: 1, artículo. 2 rubro, punto (reunión), partida partida (cont.)
12.to ship: 1. enviar (todos los modos de transporte. 2) embarcar (un cargamento). Shipment: embarque 2. envío (todos los medios de transporte).
13.to set forth: to set out: 1. salir (for a place, hacia algún lugar) 2. empezar, emprender: He set out to explain the figures, inició la explicación de las cifras. 3. Exponer,establecer = to set forth, to state.
14.packing: (material de) embalaje # packaging: embalaje, presentacion de un producto.
15.discount: 1. descuento: cash discount, descuento en efectivo 2. remesa: trade discount, descuento commercial. Compare con rebate: 1. deducción 2. reembolso.
16.En el dorso o a un lado también se define la responsabilidad durante el transporte y el lugar de jurisdicción en caso de litigio.
17.Regulation: 1. afinación (máquina) = tuning 2. reglamentación (uso de colorants, etc.) 3. reglamento: safety, regulations, reglas de seguridad, in accordance with the regulations, conforme con el reglamento, reglamentario.
18.mandatory: obligatorio (pago), (jur.) imperative: mandatory provisions, disposiciones imperativas.
 

Source: Cobuild Collins – Confusable words. – Exportar - Larousse
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